The Berlin flag has three red-white-red stripes, with each of the two outer stripes occupying one-fifth of its height, with the middle three-fifths remaining. A bear is engraved on the civilian flag, while the state flag bears the emblem of Berlin.
The West Berlin Civil Flag was adopted on May 26, 1954. Designed by Otffried Neubecker, he finished second in the 1952 race and the winner was rejected by the Senate. The bear is slightly off-center to the left.
A bear has appeared on stamps, coins and token rings since the late twelfth century (probably due to pre-1709 advertising charges), probably due to the continued association with the city name.
The state flag replaces the bear with the full emblem, and the bear is inside the enclosure. As the flag of the state of West Berlin, it became the flag of the whole city after the reunification of Germany in 1990.
Before that, it was also a seal symbol because no other existing flag could be used. The flag ratio is 3: 5.
History
Between 1618 and 1861, a two-tone black and white was used as a civil and state flag, under Brandenburg and successive Prussian laws.
Between 1861 and 1912, a horizontal trio (“three colors”) of black, red, and white was used in 2: 3 ratios. Designed by Ernest Fidicin based on the colors of Brandenburg following the coronation of Wilhelm I on December 19, 1861.
Between 1913 and 1954, the civilian flag was similar to the current flag, except that the bear design was different. Until 1935, its logo was not fixed.
From 1955 onwards, East Berlin had two white stripes using the outer half of the top and bottom red stripes, and a slightly different design for the bear inside the shelf, with a crown.
The East Berlin flag was a slightly modified version of the old state flag, as the civilian flag was deliberately avoided in East Berlin – and vice versa, officially adopted in West Berlin – because the bear was left out of the civilian flag.
To the left, strongly shows the orientation of the west. The West Berlin flag was adopted for the whole of Berlin after 1990.
Meaning
The Berlin flag in white and red shows the Berlin bear. With minor style changes from 1911, Berlin is managed in 1913 and flies for the first time in Red City Hall. According to the Berlin Constitution, it flies white and red flags and bears.
The country’s flag is divided into three vertical stripes. The two red stripes are one-fifth the width of the flag. The central white bar is three-fifths the width of the flag.
Inside it, there is a badge shape that has been slightly moved to the bar. The show shows, without a protective frame, a black bear looks upright and left with red paws and tongue.
The bear is a Berlin heraldic animal and first appeared on the Berlin seal in 1280. Before this the bear was the only symbol but he had to defeat the Brandenburg Eagle for more than a century.
The colors red and white symbolize on the one hand the situation in Berlin in Brandenburg and on the other the historical connection with Brandenburg, the colors of which are red and white. Until April 1881, Berlin was part of the Brandenburg Province.
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About Berlin city, Germany
Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany, both in terms of population and area, and ranks first in the European Union as a whole after Britain’s exit from the European Union.
Berlin is also a state city. It is also one of the sixteen states of Germany.
Berlin covers an area of 899 square kilometers and stretches 38 kilometers from north to south and 45 kilometers from east to west. Its average height above sea level is 34 meters. The highest height (115 meters) is related to the two artificial hills of Tufelsberg and Magelberg.
Berlin is the largest and most historically important state in Germany.
It is located in northeastern Germany, on the banks of the Espega and Howell rivers, and is the center of the Berlin / Brandenburg metropolitan area, with a population of nearly six million people with more than 180 nationalities.
One-third of Berlin is made up of forests, parks, gardens, rivers, waterways, and lakes.
History
Early Berlin
The great city of Berlin dates back to the 13th century. Initially, there were 2 settlements on both sides of the river Spray, Cologne and Berlin. Cologne was first mentioned in 1237, while Berlin was first mentioned in 1244.
The two cities grew rapidly and in 1307 formed an alliance. In 1981, Berlin-Cologne became a member of the Hanseatic League. In 1432, Berlin and Cologne were officially united.
It seemed small, but by medieval standards it was a large and prosperous city.
In the early 16th century, reforms reached Brandenburg (a state that included Berlin). Elected Brandenburg in 1539 Protestant. Berlin continued to thrive.
However, like all sixteenth-century cities, Berlin suffered from the plague. The plague struck Berlin in 1576, 1598 and 1699. Worst of all, like World War I, the rest of Germany was destroyed in 1618-1648. Its population was reduced to about 6,000.
However, Berlin recovered and flourished again in the late seventeenth century. Its population grew rapidly by French Protestants fleeing religious persecution. In the early eighteenth century, Berlin had a population of over 50,000.
In 1701 Sultan Friedrich III became King Friedrich I of Prussia. Frederick the Great reigned from 1740 to 1786. Under his rule, Berlin flourished and excellent architecture was built.
Modern Berlin
In 1919 a group of communists revolted in Berlin. However it was quickly crushed. Then in 1920 Berlin merged with several surrounding cities. The 1920s were difficult for Berlin, however, as it was for the rest of Germany, and many Berliners were unemployed.
Then in 1933, Hitler became dictator of Germany. In 1936, the Olympic Games were held in Berlin. Then in 1938, during the crystalline period, many Jewish properties were looted and burned.
In April 1945, the Russians besieged Berlin. All resistance stopped on 2 May. The city was in ruins but soon recovered.
After World War II, Berlin was divided into Soviet, French, British, and American parts. In 1948, the Soviets tried to annex the entire city. On June 24, 1948, he cut off all road and rail communications with allied units in West Berlin.
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Nevertheless, the Allies launched the Berlin Air Force. Within 11 months, Allied aircraft flew equipment to West Germany. On May 12, 1949, the Soviets withdrew and ended the siege.
In 1961, however, the Communists surrounded West Berlin with a wall and anyone who tried to cross it was shot.
The Berlin Wall demolished in 1989 with the collapse of communism. In 1991, Berlin became the capital of Germany. Berlin hosted the World Cup, in 2006. In the same year, 2006 Berlin Central Station opened. Today Berlin is a thriving city. Berlin has a population of 3.4 million.
Economy
From the citizens who are ready to work in this city; About 50% work in centers related to various industries. 15% live through trade, 13% work in industry and 12% work in government.
Electrical systems engineering is the largest industrial sector in the city, accounting for 31.4% of the workforce.
In 2015, Berlin’s gross domestic product (GDP) reached 124 billion euros, up 4.5 percent from the previous year. Services control a large part of Berlin’s labor market, and in November 2015 the unemployment rate reached 10%. Between 2012 and 2015, more than 130,000 jobs created in Berlin. In 2018, this figure reached 147 billion euros.
Research and development also play a major role in Berlin’s economy. Large companies such as Volkswagen, Pfizer, and SAP have moved their innovation labs to Berlin and are located in Adler Sahoff Technology and Trade Park, Germany’s largest technology park in terms of revenue. In the European Economic Area, Berlin has become a hub for corporate transfers as well as international investment.
Culture
Berlin is famous for its numerous cultural institutions, many of which internationally renowned. The diversity and vitality of metropolises have led to a common trend atmosphere. An innovative scene of music, dance, and art has been created in the 21st century.
International youth, artists, and entrepreneurs continued to settle in the city, making Berlin a popular entertainment hub in the world.
The relocation of the world music group, which decided to move its headquarters to the banks of the Spray River, highlighted the city’s expanding cultural performance.
Geography
Berlin in northeastern Germany, in a region of low-lying, generally flat-top swamp forests, is part of the vast plain of northern Europe that stretches from northern France to western Russia.
The Berliner Urstromtal (Ice Age glacial valley) was formed between the low-lying Barnim Plateau in the north and the Teltow Plateau in the south due to meltwater flowing from ice sheets at the end of the last Witcelsi Glacier.
Spree is now following this valley. In Spandau, an area west of Berlin, the Spree empties into the Howell River, which flows from north to south through West Berlin.
The Howell Route is more like a chain of lakes, the largest of which are the Tegeler See and the Großer Wannsee.
A series of lakes also flow into the Upper Spree, which crosses the Großer Muggsesee east of Berlin.
Significant parts of present-day Berlin extend to the low plateaus on either side of the Spree Valley. Large sections of the Reinickendorf and Pankow sections are located on the Barnim Plateau, while most of the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Tempelhof-Schöneberg, and Neukölln sections are located on the Teltow Plateau.
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