The Angola flag was first used on November 11, 1975. The flag is divided horizontally with a red stripe at the top and a black line at the bottom. Although the flag took its color from the ruling party, over time, the meaning and significance of the color changed to the Angolan people.
History
Angola is a country with deep historical roots. The country has been attacked by Dutch, Portuguese, and German immigrants. It was the Kingdom of the Congo before it was colonized by the Portuguese.
At its peak, the kingdom controlled an area of about 90,000 square meters, stretching from the Congo River to Luanda, the capital of Angola. In 1390, the kingdom had its own flag, which included white and red colors. White was the background, while in the center of the flag was an X in red.
In 1575, when the Portuguese invaded the country, the flag of the Kingdom of the Congo was abandoned.
The new flag had green and red stripes, with the vertical green line forming one-third of the flag and the remaining two-thirds red. Less Portuguese national symbols appeared between the two colors.
The flag was used in Angola, Portugal, which was established after the Portuguese helped the Kingdom of Congo to defeat Jagas.
During the 1960s and 1970s, most African and Asian countries fought for independence. The success of the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam forced many colonized territories to fight for liberation.
The Vietnam Front had a flag composed of red horizontal stripes on a light blue line. In the center of the flag was a five-pointed yellow star. The flag is inspired by a flag design used by the Angolan Liberation Movement (MPLA).
The MPLA was one of the groups fighting the Portuguese invasion in 1961. They had a two-color flag with red and black horizontal stripes.
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At the center was a five-pointed star indicating the MPLA’s connection to communism. When the Angolan National Liberation Front joined the MPLA to fight the Portuguese, the group took up another flag. The new flag consisted of white and yellow colors separated by a red stripe.
The right line starts from the top right to the bottom left. In the center of the flag was a five-pointed white star. In 1975, Portugal left the country. The MPLA was also forced into guerrilla warfare against other groups in the country. On November 11, 1975, he won Angola.
The MPLA was recognized internationally as the leading party in the People’s Republic of Angola.
Immediately after the declaration of independence in November 1975, a civil war broke out in Angola.
However, in 1966, before independence, the Angolan Union of Complete Independence (UNITA) was formed. Later, Unita joined the MPLA and FNLA in the fight for freedom.
This new partnership led to the development of a new flag consisting of three colors red-green-red. In the center were a rooster and a rising red sun. In 1967, a new banner proposed for the country. This new flag was similar to the original prototype, with the only difference being a small Portuguese emblem at the bottom right.
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In the middle of the flag was a half-yellow gear, a machete and a five-pointed star. This flag officially became the flag of Angola in 1975.
The new flag was adopted from the original MPLA flag design. Red symbolized socialism while black symbolized Africa, while the symbols in the center represented communism.
The proposed flag consisted of blue, white, and red stripes horizontally. In the center of the flag was a yellow sun design adopted from the Chitundo-Hulu caves. However, this flag was never adopted.
Meaning
The Angolan flag means both color and symbol. The colors of the flag are designed to show the continent of Africa and the bloodshed while the nation was fighting for its independence.
This flag has a gear symbol which is a symbol of the industrial workers of the country. The symbol of the mace represents the peasants, and the star found on the flag is a symbol of socialism.
Shape
The Angolan flag is rectangular in length and width and has a ratio of 2: 3. The red and black stripes are equally proportional.
The country’s constitution recognizes the flag, national anthem and emblem as symbols of the republic. So far no specification has been released for the size of the logo.
Colors
The Angolan flag has a background of two horizontal bands. Also, the red bar represents the bloodshed during the struggle for independence, while the black group below represents Africa as a whole. The gear, star and car logo in the center of the flag are yellow.
Angola Flag Color Codes
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The Republic of Angola
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (Portuguese: República de Angola), is a country in South Africa and the seventh-largest country in Africa.
Angola is bordered by Namibia to the south, Zambia to the east, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the east and north, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The most populous city and its capital are Luanda.
The official language of Angola is Portuguese, with a population of 32,866,000 and its currency is Kwanza.
History
Early Angola
In the Middle Ages, what is now Angola was organized as a kingdom. People lived on agriculture. Craftsmen made objects from metal and pottery.
The Portuguese first arrived in Angola in 1483 but initially showed little interest in the area. The first Portuguese colony in Angola was not established until 1575.
In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Angola was the source of Portuguese slaves. Many of them were transferred to Brazil.
However, the slave trade became obsolete in 1836. Until the late nineteenth century, Portugal had little power in inland Angola, but in 1885, European nations divided Africa.
Portugal was forced to reclaim its claim to Angola and establish control over its internal territories. However, it was not until the 1920s that the Portuguese took full control of Angola.
The Portuguese used forced labor on farms. However, in 1961, an insurgency broke out. As a result of this revolt, forced labor was abolished, but various groups in Angola started a guerrilla war against the Portuguese. However, they also fought with each other. Angola finally gained independence after a coup in Portugal in 1974.
Modern Angola
Angola gained independence on November 11, 1975, but the civil war continued. The war lasted until 1991.
A ceasefire was established that year but was broken in 1992 and the civil war resumed. A second ceasefire was reached in Angola in 1994 but failed in 1998.
The new constitution introduced in Angola in 2010. Today, Angola is still a poor country and more dependent on oil exports. However, Angola’s economy is growing rapidly.
There is reason to be optimistic about Angola’s future. In 2020, Angola had a population of 32 million.
Economy
Half of the adult population is engaged in agriculture and mainly in the production of food products. The main export product is coffee. A large part of the country’s population cultivates corn and coffee.
Angola has very rich underground resources, such as oil, diamonds, iron and manganese, copper, and gold, and more than half of the country’s income comes from oil sales.
Industrial centers, especially textiles, are mostly located near the capital. Half of the adult population is engaged in agriculture and mainly in the production of food products. The main export product is coffee.
South Africa’s third largest economy after South Africa and Nigeria, Angola is now one of the emerging economies of the world.
Following the success of national reconciliation, after decades of civil war, Angola has enjoyed political stability that has attracted foreign investors, especially the Chinese.
Following the ceasefire and the end of the civil war in the African country of Angola in 2002, construction in Luanda, the capital, expanded rapidly.
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The geographical situation of this city is such that it can only accommodate 500,000 people, while now more than five million people live in this city, and this issue has made living in it for foreigners who have traveled to this country and worked and They are busy making life so expensive that it becomes the most expensive capital in the world.
Portugal, the former colonizer of Angola, is now facing a major unemployment problem, with large numbers of Portuguese professionals migrating to Angola to work.
Of Angola’s two hundred and two foreign institutions – which control 40 percent of GDP -, 38 percent are Portuguese and 18.8 percent Chinese. While there were about 21,000 Portuguese living in Angola in 2003, there were more than 100,000 in 2011. According to Angolan consulates, the actual number is twice that.
Geography
Angola is a large country in southwestern Africa, on the southern shore of the Atlantic Ocean, between Namibia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Annual rainfall varies from 25 cm in the north to 60 cm in the south.
Angola’s lowest point on the Atlantic coast is at the level of the world’s open waters, and its highest point is Moro Democo at 2,620 meters. The length of Angola’s coastline with the Atlantic Ocean from the west reaches 1600 km.
Cabinda is an area isolated from the mainland of Angola, located in the northern part of the Congo River.
Much of Angola has plateaus (the Bih Plateau and Luanda are the most important plateaus), a coastal plain (along the Atlantic Ocean) that stretches from south to north. It is narrow in the southern parts and wider in the north. The Angolan Inner Plains form part of the international border to the north by the Congo River and to the south by the Cubango River.
The 2575-kilometer-long Zambezi River, which flows into the Indian Ocean, flows from the far east of Angola.
The western regions of Angola have an oceanic climate in terms of proximity to the Atlantic Ocean, but the northern regions of the country have a cold and mountainous climate, and most of the eastern regions have a warm and humid climate.
The interior plain has a temperate and intermittent rainy climate due to its altitude. The months of June to September are the driest and the coldest months are October to May with an average rainfall of 152 cm in the northeast.
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